A hybrid
application (hybrid app) is a software application that combines elements
of both native and web applications.
Native apps are developed for specific mobile platforms and
devices. They must be downloaded from an app store and installed locally
before they can be used. A disadvantage of native apps is that they require
developers to write multiple versions of the same app in order to accomodate
each platform. An advantage of native apps is that because they are installed
locally, they can take advantage of whatever capabilities the mobile platform
provides -- including access to the mobile device's camera, GPS or
accelerometer.
In contrast, web
applications are simply websites that have been optimized for mobile device
use. Web apps are accessed through a browser instead of being downloaded
and installed locally. An advantage of web apps is that they are platform
agnostic. A disadvantage is that a web app is restricted to whatever
capabilities the device's browser has.
A hybrid app combines
the best features of both native and web apps. Hybrid apps are essentially
web apps that have been put in a native app shell. Once they are
downloaded from an app store and installed locally, the shell is able to
connect to whatever capabilities the mobile platform provides through an
embedded browser and its plug-ins. The browser runs on the back end and is
invisible to the end user.
Hybrid apps are popular because they allow developers to write
code for a mobile app once and still accomodate multiple platforms. Because
hybrid apps add an extra layer between the source code and the target platform,
they may perform slightly slower than native or web versions of the same app.
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