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Canary test (canary deployment)

 

A canary is a code release that is tested in a post-production environment by a small subset of end users. Canaries may also be referred to as canary tests or yellow deployments. Canary tests, which are usually automated, are run after testing in a sandbox environment has been completed.

Like the canary in a coal mine, the end user who is selected to receive new code in a canary test is unaware he or she is being used to provide an early warning.

Canary tests help software developers uncover new, unexpected scenarios that may not have been detected within the development environment. Because a canary is only distributed to a small number of people, its impact is relatively small and changes can be reversed quickly if code changes slow performance or cause an application to crash.

In software testing, a canary is a push of programming code changes to a small group of end users who are unaware that they are receiving new code. Because the canary is only distributed to a small number of users, its impact is relatively small and changes can be reversed quickly should the new code prove to be buggy.

For incremental code changes, a canary approach to delivering functionality allows the development team to quickly evaluate whether or not the code release provides the desired outcome. Canary tests, which are often automated, are run after testing in a sandbox environment has been completed.

The word canary was selected to describe the code push to a subset of users because canaries were once used in coal mining to alert miners when toxic gases reached dangerous levels. Like the canary in a coal mine, the end user who is selected to receive new code in a canary test is unaware he or she is being used to provide an early warning.

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